Tecnologias habilitadoras da indústria 4.0 para o desenvolvimento de arquitetura de armazéns inteligentes

Abstract

Warehouse is a physical environment where raw materials, finished or semi-finished products are allocated that will be destined for the next cycle of the production or distribution chain. The logistics system has the warehouse as one of its most important links. It is essential as a raw material storage system in the procurement area, in production operations, for in-process inventories, and in the storage of finished goods in distribution systems. Emerging digital technologies introduce important opportunities to improve the efficiency of warehouse operations by better managing the entire flow of materials and information. This work presented how Industry 4.0 technologies can help the logistics processes of smart warehouses. It was found that the application of these resources allows the reduction of operational errors, avoids losses, allows lean inventories, traceability, transparency, flexibility, real-time information, as well as a better use of space, thus increasing the productivity of operations. The enabling technologies of Industry 4.0, deployed for its applications in logistics, collaborate to improve storage processes by enabling faster deliveries, anticipating orders through more assertive forecasts, mapping behaviors of consumer units to reduce transport and handling, as well as how to promote safe and effective packaging according to the varied specifications and dimensions of the items. Smart warehouses make use of enabling technologies for advanced data analysis supported by statistics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to meet these new demands. They are able to adapt to different businesses and are smart enough to perform required operations with minimal human intervention. The objective of this work is to propose a generalizable and scalable architecture for smart warehouses based on enabling technologies from industry 4.0 that can provide increased productivity, reliability and security in the processes of receiving, storing and shipping. The proposed approach sought to demonstrate the feasibility of this architecture through technologies derived from Industry 4.0, applied in a testbed, developed with the aim of validating, in a relevant environment, the incorporation of integrated technological resources to improve the performance of logistics operations in a warehouse designed to handle high value items. The methodology used to achieve the objectives of scientific research was classified as applied, in terms of its nature, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, with exploratory and explanatory objectives, in addition to being bibliographical, experimental and, finally, proving its concepts through a case study. The results of the study showed that the use of these solutions promotes increased productivity, XIV accelerates decision-making with real-time information, provides flexibility, eliminates the need for paper in the operation, allows the traceability of information during the movement of items, as well as as it favors interoperability between the modules of the architecture, which means operating your system with different components and tools, from different suppliers, which may or may not work together.